Osteoarthritis
The most common form of arthritis, caused by gradual wear of the cartilage that cushions the joints. It is not simply an inevitable part of ageing — a targeted plan can meaningfully reduce pain and keep joints working.
What is osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. It develops when the smooth cartilage that cushions the ends of bones gradually wears down, so joints become painful and stiff. It most often affects the knees, hips, hands and spine. While OA is related to age and use, it is not simply an inevitable part of getting older — and there is a great deal that can be done to reduce pain and keep joints working.
Symptoms to recognise
Osteoarthritis usually develops slowly and tends to affect the joints you use most:
- Joint pain that is worse with activity and eases with rest
- Short-lived stiffness after resting or first thing in the morning (usually under 30 minutes)
- A grating or crackling sensation when moving the joint
- Reduced movement, or bony knobbly swelling around finger joints
- Pain in the knees or hips when walking or climbing stairs
What causes it?
Osteoarthritis results from a mix of factors: age, previous joint injury, being overweight, genetics, and repeated stress on a joint. It differs fundamentally from inflammatory types of arthritis like rheumatoid arthritis — which is why getting the right diagnosis matters, as the treatments are different.
When should you see a rheumatologist?
Consider a specialist assessment if your joint pain is limiting daily life, if you're unsure whether it's "wear and tear" or an inflammatory arthritis, or if simple measures haven't helped. A rheumatologist can confirm the diagnosis, exclude inflammatory causes, and offer options — including ultrasound-guided injections — that go beyond generic advice.
How it is diagnosed
Diagnosis is usually straightforward but important to get right:
- Clinical assessment — the pattern of pain, affected joints and examination findings
- Imaging — X-rays or ultrasound to assess the joint and rule out other causes
- Blood tests where needed — mainly to distinguish OA from inflammatory arthritis
How it is treated
The aim is to reduce pain, keep the joint moving and maintain independence:
- Exercise and weight management — the most effective long-term measures, strengthening the muscles that support the joint
- Pain relief — appropriate medication used sensibly
- Ultrasound-guided injections — accurately placed injections that can give meaningful relief for the right joints
- Practical support — advice on activity, aids and protecting the joint
With the right plan, most people with osteoarthritis can stay active and significantly reduce their pain.
Been told it's 'just age'?
Osteoarthritis can be assessed and treated — including guided injections — to reduce pain and keep you moving. Consultations are walk-in, no appointment needed.
Clinic timings & location